Designing a build pipeline is about impatience

When I'm designing a build pipeline I'm primarily thinking about my impatience.

How long am I willing to wait to get feedback?  Given how long I'm willing to wait, how confident am I about the quality of the feedback?

I'm not so concerned with whether it's a "unit test", an "integration test", or whatever.  My criteria is not based on what type of automated check is in the build stage so much as how long the automated check takes.

For example...